DNA

DNA

(Deoxyribonucleic acid) It is a long chain polymers of Deoxyribonucleotide.

           Nearly in every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. But most DNA is located in the cells nucleus but some amount of DNA can be also be found in the mitochondria where it is called MITROCHONDRIAL DNA.

                   The information in DNA is stored as a code made up of four chemicals bases: (A) Guanine (B) Cytosine (C) thymine (d) Uracil(only present in RNA). Humans DNA consists The information in DNA is stored as a code made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Human DNA consists of about 3 billion bases, and more than 99 % of those bases are the same in all the peoples. The order, or sequence, of these bases determines the informations available for building and maintaining an organisms, similar to the ways in which the letters of the alphabet appear in a certain orders to form the words and sentences.

DNA bases pair with each other, A with T and C with G, to form units known by base pairs. Each base were also attached to sugar molecules and a phosphate molecules. Together, a sugar, base and phosphate are called a nucleotide. Nucleotides are arranged in two long strands that forms a spirals called a double helix. The structure of the double helix is somewhat like ladders, with the base pairs forming the ladder’s rungs and phosphate molecules  and the sugar forming the vertical sidepieces of the ladder.

An important properties of DNA is that it can be replicate, or make copies of itself. Each strands of DNA in the double helix can be serve as a patterns for duplicating the sequences of bases. This is criticals when cells divides because each new cell need to have an exact copies of the DNA present in the old cells.

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